Vossian Antonomasia

Logo

Automatic extraction of Vossian antonomasia from large newspaper corpora.

(Shout-out to Gerardus Vossius, 1577–1649.)

View the Project on GitHub weltliteratur/vossanto

statistics

temporal distribution

We plot some temporal distributions:

echo "year articles found true prec"
for year in $(seq 1987 2007); do
	echo $year \
	 $(grep ^$year articles.tsv | cut -d' ' -f2) \
	 $(../org.py -f year README.org | grep ${year} | wc -l) \
		 $(../org.py -f year,classification,status README.org | grep ${year} | awk -F$'\t' '{if ($3 == "D" || $2 == "True") print;}' | wc -l)
done
year articles found true prec ppm
1987 106104 207 103 49.8 0.97
1988 104541 223 99 44.4 0.95
1989 102818 227 109 48.0 1.06
1990 98812 232 111 47.8 1.12
1991 85135 217 107 49.3 1.26
1992 82685 230 115 50.0 1.39
1993 79200 239 124 51.9 1.57
1994 74925 252 129 51.2 1.72
1995 85392 249 134 53.8 1.57
1996 79077 306 155 50.7 1.96
1997 85396 278 143 51.4 1.67
1998 89163 338 191 56.5 2.14
1999 91074 320 150 46.9 1.65
2000 94258 362 188 51.9 1.99
2001 96282 319 165 51.7 1.71
2002 97258 389 191 49.1 1.96
2003 94235 357 186 52.1 1.97
2004 91362 339 163 48.1 1.78
2005 90004 396 179 45.2 1.99
2006 87052 411 187 45.5 2.15
2007 39953 180 85 47.2 2.13
sum 1854726 6071 3014 49.6 34.71
mean 88320 289 144 49.8 1.63

: The temporal distribution of the number of found and true candidates.

reset
set datafile separator "\t"

set xlabel "year"
set ylabel "frequency"
set grid linetype 1 linecolor 0
set yrange [0:*]
set y2range [0:100]
set y2label 'precision'
set y2tics
set key top left
set style fill solid 1

set term svg enhanced size 800,600 dynamic fname "Palatino Linotype, Book Antiqua, Palatino, FreeSerif, serif" fsize 16
#set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time.svg"
plot data using 1:3 with linespoints pt 7 lc "red" title 'candidates',\
	 data using 1:4 with linespoints pt 7 lc "green"  title 'Vossantos',\
	 data using 1:5 with lines lc "blue" title 'precision' axes x1y2

# data using 1:2 with linespoints pt 7 axes x1y2 title 'cand',\
#     data using 1:3 with linespoints pt 7 axes x1y2 title 'wd',\

set term png enhanced size 800,600 font "Arial,16" lw  2
set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time.png"
replot

set key bottom left
set term pdf enhanced fontscale .7 lw 2
set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time.pdf"
replot


# ---- relative values

set key top left
set term svg enhanced size 800,600 dynamic fname "Palatino Linotype, Book Antiqua, Palatino, FreeSerif, serif" fsize 16
set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time_rel.svg"
set ylabel "frequency (per mille)"
set format y "%2.1f"

plot data using 1:($3/$2*1000) with linespoints pt 7 lc "red" title 'candidates',\
	 data using 1:($4/$2*1000) with linespoints pt 7 lc "green"  title 'Vossantos',\
	 data using 1:5 with lines lc "blue" title 'precision' axes x1y2


set term png enhanced size 800,600 font "Arial,16" lw  2
set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time_rel.png"
replot

set term pdf enhanced lw  2
set out "nyt_vossantos_over_time_rel.pdf"
replot

Absolute frequency:

Relative frequency:

sources

most frequent

The most frequent sources are:

../org.py -T -f sourceUrl README.org | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n40
count source
72 Michael Jordan
62 Rodney Dangerfield
40 Johnny Appleseed
36 Elvis Presley
36 Babe Ruth
25 Michelangelo
25 Donald Trump
23 Pablo Picasso
23 Bill Gates
23 Madonna
21 Jackie Robinson
20 P. T. Barnum
20 Tiger Woods
19 Martha Stewart
17 William Shakespeare
17 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
17 Cinderella
16 Henry Ford
16 John Wayne
15 Napoleon
14 Leonardo da Vinci
14 Greta Garbo
14 Rosa Parks
14 Adolf Hitler
14 Mother Teresa
14 Ralph Nader
13 Cal Ripken
12 Willie Horton
12 Leo Tolstoy
12 Rembrandt
12 Oprah Winfrey
12 Susan Lucci
11 Walt Disney
11 Mike Tyson
10 Albert Einstein
10 Thomas Edison
10 Paul Revere
10 Julia Child
10 Cassandra
9 James Dean

temporal distribution

for year in $(seq 1987 2007); do
  echo -n $year
  for s in "Michael_Jordan" "Rodney_Dangerfield" "Johnny_Appleseed"; do
	s=$(echo $s| sed "s/_/ /g")
	c=$(../org.py -T -f year,sourceLabel README.org | grep ^$year | awk -F'\t' '{print $2}' | grep "^$s$" | wc -l)
	echo -n "\t$c"
  done
  echo
done
year Michael Jordan Rodney Dangerfield Johnny Appleseed
1987 0 0 2
1988 0 0 1
1989 1 1 1
1990 3 2 1
1991 4 1 1
1992 2 4 1
1993 3 4 2
1994 3 0 0
1995 0 1 3
1996 4 8 3
1997 1 3 1
1998 6 7 2
1999 11 2 3
2000 11 6 1
2001 7 5 1
2002 5 2 3
2003 2 1 3
2004 0 1 3
2005 2 8 4
2006 4 5 3
2007 3 1 1
reset
set datafile separator "\t"

set xlabel "year"
set ylabel "frequency"
set grid linetype 1 linecolor 0
set yrange [0:*]
set key top left
set style fill solid 1

set term svg enhanced size 800,600 dynamic font "Palatino Linotype, 16"
#set out "nyt_sources_over_time.svg"
plot data using 1:2 with linespoints pt 7 lw 2 title 'Michael Jordan',\
	 data using 1:3 with linespoints pt 7 title 'Rodney Dangerfield',\
	 data using 1:4 with linespoints pt 7 title 'Johnny Appleseed'

set term png enhanced size 800,600 font "Arial,16" lw  2
set out "nyt_sources_over_time.png"
replot

categories

online

Extract the categories for the articles:

export PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
for year in $(seq 1987 2007); do
	../nyt.py --category ../nyt_corpus_${year}.tar.gz \
		| sed -e "s/^nyt_corpus_//" -e "s/\.har\//\//" -e "s/\.xml\t/\t/" \
		| sort >> nyt_categories.tsv
done

Compute frequency distribution over all articles:

cut -d$'\t' -f2 nyt_categories.tsv | sort -S1G | uniq -c \
   | sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
										  > nyt_categories_distrib.tsv

Check the number of and the top categories:

echo articles $(wc -l < nyt_categories.tsv)
echo categories $(wc -l < nyt_categories_distrib.tsv)
echo ""
sort -nrk2 nyt_categories_distrib.tsv | head
articles 1854726
categories 1580
Business 291982
Sports 160888
Opinion 134428
U.S. 89389
Arts 88460
World 79786
Style 65071
Obituaries 19430
Magazine 11464
Travel 10440

Collect the categories of the articles

echo "vossantos" $(../org.py -T README.org | wc -l) articles $(wc -l < nyt_categories.tsv)
../org.py -T -f fId README.org | join nyt_categories.tsv - | sed "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2}' \
	| sort | uniq -c \
	| sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
	| join -t$'\t' -o1.2,1.1,2.2 - nyt_categories_distrib.tsv \
	| sort -nr | head -n20
vossantos 3014 category articles 1854726
364 12.1% Arts 88460 4.8%
362 12.0% Sports 160888 8.7%
327 10.8% New York and Region 221897 12.0%
287 9.5% Arts; Books 35475 1.9%
186 6.2% Movies; Arts 27759 1.5%
125 4.1% Business 291982 15.7%
122 4.0% Opinion 134428 7.2%
110 3.6% U.S. 89389 4.8%
104 3.5% Magazine 11464 0.6%
76 2.5% Arts; Theater 13283 0.7%
70 2.3% Style 65071 3.5%
52 1.7% World 79786 4.3%
49 1.6% Home and Garden; Style 13978 0.8%
37 1.2%   42157 2.3%
36 1.2% Travel 10440 0.6%
35 1.2% Technology; Business 23283 1.3%
30 1.0% Week in Review 17107 0.9%
29 1.0% Home and Garden 5546 0.3%
18 0.6% Style; Magazine 1519 0.1%
18 0.6% Front Page; U.S. 11425 0.6%

desks

Extract the desks for the articles:

export PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
for year in $(seq 1987 2007); do
	../nyt.py --desk ../nyt_corpus_${year}.tar.gz \
		| sed -e "s/^nyt_corpus_//" -e "s/\.har\//\//" -e "s/\.xml\t/\t/" \
		| sort >> nyt_desks.tsv
done

Compute frequency distribution over all articles:

cut -d$'\t' -f2 nyt_desks.tsv | sort -S1G | uniq -c \
   | sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
										  > nyt_desks_distrib.tsv

Check the number of and the top categories:

echo articles $(wc -l < nyt_desks.tsv)
echo categories $(wc -l < nyt_desks_distrib.tsv)
echo ""
sort -t$'\t' -nrk2 nyt_desks_distrib.tsv | head
articles 1854727
categories 398
Metropolitan Desk 237896
Financial Desk 206958
Sports Desk 174823
National Desk 143489
Editorial Desk 131762
Foreign Desk 129732
Classified 129660
Business/Financial Desk 112951
Society Desk 44032
Cultural Desk 40342

Collect the desks of the articles

echo "vossantos" $(../org.py -T README.org | wc -l) articles $(wc -l < nyt_desks.tsv)
../org.py -T -f fid README.org | join nyt_desks.tsv - | sed "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2}' \
	| sort | uniq -c \
	| sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
	| join -t$'\t' -o1.2,1.1,2.2 - nyt_desks_distrib.tsv \
	| sort -nr | head -n20
vossantos 3014 desk articles 1854726
381 12.6% Sports Desk 174823 9.4%
222 7.4% Metropolitan Desk 237896 12.8%
220 7.3% Book Review Desk 32737 1.8%
180 6.0% National Desk 143489 7.7%
171 5.7% The Arts/Cultural Desk 38136 2.1%
169 5.6% Arts and Leisure Desk 27765 1.5%
135 4.5% Magazine Desk 25433 1.4%
125 4.1% Editorial Desk 131762 7.1%
117 3.9% Cultural Desk 40342 2.2%
99 3.3% Movies, Performing Arts/Weekend Desk 13929 0.8%
96 3.2% Business/Financial Desk 112951 6.1%
90 3.0% Foreign Desk 129732 7.0%
78 2.6% Weekend Desk 18814 1.0%
74 2.5% Leisure/Weekend Desk 10766 0.6%
72 2.4% Long Island Weekly Desk 20453 1.1%
69 2.3% Style Desk 21569 1.2%
57 1.9% Financial Desk 206958 11.2%
44 1.5% Arts & Leisure Desk 6742 0.4%
42 1.4% The City Weekly Desk 22863 1.2%
41 1.4% Connecticut Weekly Desk 17034 0.9%

Note: there are many errors in the specification of the desks … so this table should be digested with care.

authors

Extract the authors for the articles:

export PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
for year in $(seq 1987 2007); do
	../nyt.py --author ../nyt_corpus_${year}.tar.gz \
		| sed -e "s/^nyt_corpus_//" -e "s/\.har\//\//" -e "s/\.xml\t/\t/" \
		| sort >> nyt_authors.tsv
done

Compute frequency distribution over all articles:

cut -d$'\t' -f2 nyt_authors.tsv | LC_ALL=C sort -S1G | uniq -c \
   | sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
										  > nyt_authors_distrib.tsv

Check the number of and the top authors:

echo articles $(wc -l < nyt_authors.tsv)
echo categories $(wc -l < nyt_authors_distrib.tsv)
echo ""
sort -t$'\t' -nrk2 nyt_authors_distrib.tsv | head
articles 1854726
categories 30691
  961052
Elliott, Stuart 6296
Holden, Stephen 5098
Chass, Murray 4544
Pareles, Jon 4090
Brozan, Nadine 3741
Fabricant, Florence 3659
Kozinn, Allan 3654
Curry, Jack 3654
Truscott, Alan 3646

requires cleansing!

Collect the authors of the articles

echo "vossantos" $(../org.py -T README.org | wc -l) articles $(wc -l < nyt_authors.tsv)
../org.py -T -f fid README.org | join nyt_authors.tsv - | sed "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2}' \
	| LC_ALL=C sort | uniq -c \
	| sed -e "s/^ *//" -e "s/ /\t/" | awk -F'\t' '{print $2"\t"$1}' \
	| LC_ALL=C join -t$'\t' -o1.2,1.1,2.2 - nyt_authors_distrib.tsv \
	| sort -nr | head -n20
vossantos 3014 author articles 1854726
470 15.6%   961052 51.8%
34 1.1% Maslin, Janet 2874 0.2%
32 1.1% Holden, Stephen 5098 0.3%
30 1.0% Vecsey, George 2739 0.1%
24 0.8% Sandomir, Richard 3140 0.2%
24 0.8% Dowd, Maureen 1647 0.1%
23 0.8% Ketcham, Diane 717 0.0%
20 0.7% Kisselgoff, Anna 2661 0.1%
20 0.7% Brown, Patricia Leigh 568 0.0%
19 0.6% Kimmelman, Michael 1515 0.1%
19 0.6% Berkow, Ira 1704 0.1%
18 0.6% Barron, James 2188 0.1%
17 0.6% Stanley, Alessandra 1437 0.1%
17 0.6% Pareles, Jon 4090 0.2%
17 0.6% Lipsyte, Robert 817 0.0%
17 0.6% Araton, Harvey 1940 0.1%
16 0.5% Smith, Roberta 2497 0.1%
16 0.5% Martin, Douglas 1814 0.1%
16 0.5% Chass, Murray 4544 0.2%
15 0.5% Grimes, William 1368 0.1%

Vossantos of the top author

# extract list of articles
for article in $(../org.py -T -f fid README.org | join nyt_authors.tsv - | grep "Maslin, Janet" | cut -d' ' -f1 ); do
  grep "$article" README.org
done
  1. Bob Hope (1993/04/23/0604282) is loaded with rap-related cameos that work only if you recognize the players (Fab 5 Freddy, Kid Capri, Naughty by Nature and the Bob Hope of rap cinema, Ice-T), and have little intrinsic humor of their own.
  2. Sandy Dennis (1993/09/03/0632371) (Ms. Lewis, who has many similar mannerisms, may be fast becoming the Sandy Dennis of her generation.)
  3. Dorian Gray (1993/12/10/0654992) Also on hand is Aerosmith, the Dorian Gray of rock bands, to serve the same purpose Alice Cooper did in the first film.
  4. Adolf Hitler (1994/02/04/0666537) The terrors of the code, as overseen by Joseph Breen (who was nicknamed “the Hitler of Hollywood” in some quarters), went beyond the letter of the document and brought about a more generalized moral purge.
  5. Cinderella (1994/09/11/0711230) Kevin Smith, the Cinderella of this year's Sundance festival, shot this black-and-white movie in the New Jersey store where he himself worked.
  6. Hulk Hogan (1994/10/25/0720551) Libby's cousin Andrew, an art director who's “so incredibly creative that, as my mother says, no one's holding their breath for grandchildren,” opines that “David Mamet is the Hulk Hogan of the American theater and that his word processor should be tested for steroids.”
  7. Andrew Dice Clay (1995/09/22/0790066) Mr. Ezsterhas, the Andrew Dice Clay of screenwriting, bludgeons the audience with such tirelessly crude thoughts that when a group of chimps get loose in the showgirls' dressing room and all they do is defecate, the film enjoys a rare moment of good taste.
  8. Thomas Jefferson (1996/01/24/0825044) Last year's overnight sensation, Edward Burns of “The Brothers McMullen,” came out of nowhere and now has Jennifer Aniston acting in his new film and Robert Redford, the Thomas Jefferson of Sundance, helping as a creative consultant.
  9. Elliott Gould (1996/03/08/0835139) All coy grins and daffy mugging, Mr. Stiller plays the role as if aspiring to become the Elliott Gould of his generation.
  10. Charlie Parker (1996/08/09/0870295) But for all its admiration, ‘'Basquiat’' winds up no closer to that assessment than to the critic Robert Hughes's more jaundiced one: ‘'Far from being the Charlie Parker of SoHo (as his promoters claimed), he became its Jessica Savitch.’'
  11. Aesop (1996/08/09/0870300) Eric Rohmer's ‘'Rendezvous in Paris’' is an oasis of contemplative intelligence in the summer movie season, presenting three graceful and elegant parables with the moral agility that distinguishes Mr. Rohmer as the Aesop of amour.
  12. Diana Vreeland (1997/06/06/0934955) The complex aural and visual style of ‘'The Pillow Book’' involves rectangular insets that flash back to Sei Shonagon (a kind of Windows 995) and illustrate the imperious little lists that made her sound like the Diana Vreeland of 10th-century tastes.
  13. Peter Pan (1997/08/08/0949060) Mr. Gibson, delivering one of the hearty, dynamic star turns that have made him the Peter Pan of the blockbuster set, makes Jerry much more boyishly likable than he deserves to be.
  14. Thomas Edison (1997/09/19/0958685) Danny DeVito embodies this as a gleeful Sid Hudgens (a character whom Mr. Hanson has called '‘the Thomas Edison of tabloid journalism’’), who is the unscrupulous editor of a publication called Hush-Hush and winds up linked to many of the other characters’ nastiest transgressions.
  15. John Wayne (1997/09/26/0960422) Mr. Hopkins, whose creative collaboration with Bart goes back to ‘'Legends of the Fall,’' has called him '‘the John Wayne of bears.’'
  16. Annie Oakley (1997/12/24/0982708) Running nearly as long as ‘'Pulp Fiction’' even though its ambitions are more familiar and small, ‘'Jackie Brown’' has the makings of another, chattier ‘'Get Shorty’' with an added homage to Pam Grier, the Annie Oakley of 1970's blaxploitation.
  17. Robin Hood (1998/04/10/1008616) Do not threaten to call the police or have him thrown out,'' went a memorandum issued by another company, when the Robin Hood of corporate America went on the road to promote his book abou downsizing.
  18. Buster Keaton (1998/09/18/1047276) Fortunately, being the Buster Keaton of martial arts, he makes a doleful expression and comedic physical grace take the place of small talk.
  19. Michelangelo (1998/09/25/1049076) She goes to a plastic surgeon (Michael Lerner) who's been dubbed '‘the Michelangelo of Manhattan’' by Newsweek.
  20. Brian Wilson (1998/12/31/1073562) The enrapturing beauty and peculiar naivete of ‘'The Thin Red Line’' heightened the impression of Terrence Malick as the Brian Wilson of the film world.
  21. Dante Alighieri (1999/10/22/1147181) Though his latest film explores one more urban inferno and colorfully reaffirms Mr. Scorsese's role as the Dante of the Cinema, creating its air of nocturnal torment took some doing.
  22. Albert Einstein (2000/12/07/1253134) In this much coarser and more violent, action-heavy story, Mr. Deaver presents the villainous Dr. Aaron Matthews, whom a newspaper once called '‘the Einstein of therapists’' in the days before Hannibal Lecter became his main career influence.
  23. Émile Zola (2001/03/09/1276449) George P. Pelecanos arrives with the best possible recommendations from other crime writers (e.g., Elmore Leonard likes him), and with jacket copy praising him as '‘the Zola of Washington, D.C.’' But what he really displays here, in great abundance and to entertaining effect, is a Tarantino touch.
  24. Leonard Cohen (2002/08/22/1417676) The wry, sexy melancholy of his observations would be seductive enough in its own right – he is the Leonard Cohen of the spy genre – even without the sharp political acuity that accompanies it.
  25. Jane Austen (2002/10/07/1429887) Ms. Pearson does so well in capturing the funny, calculating aspects of her English heroine's life that The Guardian has called her '‘a Jane Austen among working mothers.’'
  26. Kato Kaelin (2003/04/07/1478881) Then he has settled in – as ‘'a permanent house guest, the Kato Kaelin of the wine country,’' in the case of Alan Deutschman – and tried to figure out what it all means.
  27. Hulk Hogan (2003/04/14/1480850) Meanwhile, at 5 feet 10 tall and 115 pounds, Andy is the Hulk Hogan of this food-phobic crowd.
  28. Nora Roberts (2003/04/17/1481531) For those who write like clockwork (i.e., Stuart Woods, the Nora Roberts of mystery best-sellerdom), a new book every few months is no surprise.
  29. Henny Youngman (2004/03/05/1563840) Together Mr. Yetnikoff and Mr. Ritz devise a kind of sitcom snappiness that turns Mr. Yetnikoff into the Henny Youngman of CBS.
  30. Frank Stallone (2004/09/20/1612886) He can read the biblical story of Aaron and imagine '‘the Frank Stallone of ancient Judaism.’'
  31. Marlon Brando (2005/11/08/1715899) He named his daughter Tuesday, after the actress Tuesday Weld, whom Sam Shepard once called '‘the Marlon Brando of women.’'
  32. Jesse James (2005/12/09/1723424) How else to explain ‘'Comma Sense,’' which has a blurb from Ms. Truss and claims that the apostrophe is the Jesse James of punctuation marks?
  33. Elton John (2006/12/11/1811150) Though Foujita had a fashion sense that made him look like the Elton John of Montparnasse (he favored earrings, bangs and show-stopping homemade costumes), and though he is seen here hand in hand with a male Japanese friend during their shared tunic-wearing phase, he is viewed by Ms. Birnbaum strictly as a lady-killer.
  34. Ernest Hemingway (2007/04/30/1844006) Mr. Browne also points out that when he introduced Mr. Zevon to an audience as '‘the Ernest Hemingway of the twelve-string guitar,’' Mr. Zevon said he was more like Charles Bronson.

modifiers

../org.py -T -f modifier,aId README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 != "" {print $1;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n30
count modifier
56 his day
34 his time
29 Japan
17 China
16 tennis
16 his generation
16 baseball
14 her time
13 our time
13 her day
12 the Zulus
11 the 90's
11 the 1990's
11 politics
11 hockey
10 the art world
10 Brazil
10 basketball
10 ballet
9 jazz
9 fashion
8 today
8 Iran
8 his era
8 hip-hop
8 golf
8 football
8 dance
7 the 19th century
7 Mexico

today

“today”

Who are the sources for the modifier “today”?

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "today" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
1 Shoeless Joe Jackson
1 Buck Rogers
1 Bill McGowan
1 William F. Buckley Jr.
1 Ralph Fiennes
1 Julie London
1 Jimmy Osmond
1 Harry Cohn

“his day”, “his time”, or “his generation”

Who are the sources for the modifiers “his day”, “his time”, and “his generation”?

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 ~ "his (day|time|generation)" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head
count source
3 Donald Trump
2 Mike Tyson
2 Pablo Picasso
2 Billy Martin
2 Dan Quayle
2 Arnold Schwarzenegger
2 Martha Stewart
2 L. Ron Hubbard
2 Tiger Woods

“her day”, “her time”, or “her generation”

Who are the sources for the modifiers “her day”, “her time”, and “her generation”?

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 ~ "her (day|time|generation)" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head
count source
4 Madonna
2 Laurie Anderson
1 Hilary Swank
1 Pamela Anderson
1 Hillary Clinton
1 Lotte Lehmann
1 Oprah Winfrey
1 Marilyn Monroe
1 Coco Chanel
1 Judith Krantz

country

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 ~ "(Japan|China|Brazil|Iran|Israel|Mexico|India|South Africa|Spain|South Korea|Russia|Poland|Pakistan)" {print $1;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head
count country
29 Japan
17 China
10 Brazil
8 Iran
7 Mexico
7 Israel
7 India
4 South Africa
4 Poland
3 Spain

What are the sources for the modifier … ?

“Japan”

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "Japan" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
5 Walt Disney
4 Bill Gates
2 Nolan Ryan
2 Frank Sinatra
1 Richard Perle
1 Thomas Edison
1 Cal Ripken
1 Walter Johnson
1 Andy Warhol
1 Pablo Picasso
1 William Wyler
1 Stephen King
1 Brad Pitt
1 Richard Avedon
1 P. D. James
1 Rem Koolhaas
1 Steve Jobs
1 Ralph Nader
1 Madonna
1 Jack Kerouac

“China”

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "China" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
4 Barbara Walters
2 Jack Welch
2 Larry King
1 Louis XIV of France
1 Oskar Schindler
1 Napoleon
1 Keith Haring
1 Mikhail Gorbachev
1 Donald Trump
1 Ted Turner
1 Madonna
1 The Scarlet Pimpernel

“Brazil”

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "Brazil" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
1 Giuseppe Verdi
1 Jil Sander
1 Walter Reed
1 Lech Wałęsa
1 Jim Morrison
1 Bob Dylan
1 Elvis Presley
1 Scott Joplin
1 Larry Bird
1 Pablo Escobar

sports

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 ~ "(baseball|hockey|basketball|tennis|golf|football|racing|soccer|sailing)" {print $1;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count sports
16 tennis
16 baseball
11 hockey
10 basketball
8 golf
8 football
6 soccer
6 racing
3 women’s basketball
3 sailing
3 auto racing
2 pro football
2 New York baseball
1 Yale football fame
1 women’s hockey
1 women’s college soccer
1 this year’s national collegiate basketball tournament
1 the tennis tour
1 the tennis field
1 the soccer set
1 the racing world
1 the Olympic hockey tournament
1 stock-car racing
1 Rotisserie baseball
1 pro football owners
1 professional basketball coaches
1 professional basketball
1 motocross racing in the 1980’s
1 micro golfers
1 major league baseball
1 Laser sailing
1 Japanese baseball
1 Iraqi soccer
1 horse racing
1 hockey in the former Soviet Union
1 hockey commentary
1 high school baseball in New York
1 harness racing
1 golf criticism
1 football teams
1 football owners
1 football announcers
1 European hockey
1 country-club golf
1 college football underclassmen
1 college football these days
1 college football
1 college basketball
1 Chinese baseball
1 Brazilian basketball for the past 20 years
1 BMX racing
1 biddy basketball
1 basketball announcers
1 basketball analysts
1 basketball analysis
1 baseball’s new era
1 baseball managers
1 baseball executives
1 baseball collections
1 baseball cards

Who are the sources for the modifier … ?

baseball

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "baseball" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
2 P. T. Barnum
2 Larry Bird
1 Clifford Irving
1 Mike Tyson
1 Thomas Dooley
1 Marco Polo
1 Pablo Picasso
1 Horatio Alger
1 Rodney Dangerfield
1 Michael Jordan
1 Alan Alda
1 Brandon Tartikoff
1 Howard Hughes
1 Thomas Jefferson

tennis

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "tennis" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
2 George Foreman
1 Tim McCarver
1 Pete Rose
1 Nolan Ryan
1 Crash Davis
1 Spike Lee
1 John Madden
1 Michael Jordan
1 John Wayne
1 George Hamilton
1 Michael Dukakis
1 Jackie Robinson
1 Babe Ruth
1 Dennis Rodman
1 Madonna

basketball

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "basketball" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
2 Babe Ruth
1 Joseph Stalin
1 Martin Luther King, Jr.
1 Pol Pot
1 Johnny Appleseed
1 Adolf Hitler
1 Bugsy Siegel
1 Elvis Presley
1 Chuck Yeager

football

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "football" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
1 Ann Calvello
1 Michael Jordan
1 Bobby Fischer
1 Patrick Henry
1 Susan Lucci
1 Jackie Robinson
1 Babe Ruth
1 Rich Little

racing

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "racing" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
2 Rodney Dangerfield
1 John Madden
1 Bobo Holloman
1 Lou Gehrig
1 Wayne Gretzky

golf

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 == "golf" {print $2;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
count source
2 Michael Jordan
2 Jackie Robinson
1 J. D. Salinger
1 James Brown
1 Marlon Brando
1 Babe Ruth

culture

../org.py -T -f modifier,sourceUrl README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '$1 ~ "(dance|hip-hop|jazz|fashion|weaving|ballet|the art world|wine|salsa|juggling|tango)" {print $1;}' \
	| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n13
count modifier
10 the art world
10 ballet
9 jazz
9 fashion
8 hip-hop
8 dance
4 wine
4 salsa
2 the hip-hop world
2 the fashion world
2 the fashion industry
2 the dance world
2 juggling

Michael Jordan

../org.py -T -f sourceLabel,modifier README.org \
	| awk -F$'\t' '{if ($1 == "Michael Jordan") print $2}' \
	| sort -u

the Michael Jordan of